Country Note Poland 2025

This note provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of Poland’s foreign investment screening mechanisms as of July 2025. It outlines the economic and political context underpinning Poland’s approach to FDI, highlighting the country’s status as a leading FDI destination in Europe and the main origins and sectoral destinations of inbound and outbound investment. The note details the evolution of Poland’s FDI screening regime, including the designated-entity screening mechanism and the sectoral screening mechanism, the latter of which was introduced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and extended due to ongoing geopolitical risks. It explains the legal and administrative frameworks, the scope of covered transactions and investors, and the key procedural aspects of notification and review.

The note also addresses recent legislative developments, including the move to make the sectoral screening mechanism permanent and the transfer of competence from the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK) to the Minister responsible for the economy. The analysis situates Poland’s regime within the broader EU context, noting compliance with the EU FDI Screening Regulation and anticipated future changes. The note concludes with an evaluation of the legal framework’s clarity, effectiveness, and compliance burden, and identifies areas for further improvement and ongoing legislative developments.