European Court of Justice case law on circumvention, “wholly” or “purely” artificial arrangements and avoidance

C-255/02, Halifax plc, Leeds Permanent Development Services Ltd, County Wide Property Investments Ltd v Commissioners of Customs & Excise, Judgment of the Court of 21 February 2006, paras 67-86 and 90-99. C-446/03, Marks & Spencer plc v David Halsey (Her Majesty’s Inspector of Taxes), Judgment of the Court of 13 December 2005, para 57. C-196/04,…

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